Learning Objectives
- Explain what a formula is.
- Identify variables in a formula.
- Use a formula to calculate values.
- Substitute numbers correctly into a formula.
Introduction
This lesson develops Formulae from meaning and patterns before moving to calculations. Look for what the quantities, shapes or symbols represent, then connect that idea to the method.
Key Notes
Read the definitions and key facts below carefully. Each rule is most useful when you can explain why it fits the situation, not simply recall it.
๐ฌ A formula as an input-output machine
A formula connects known quantities to an unknown one.
๐ค Think About This...
Suppose one cinema ticket costs $8. If two friends go, they pay:
If five friends go, they pay:
Instead of writing a new calculation every time, we can write one rule that always works.
where C is the total cost and n is the number of people.
๐ What is a Formula?
A formula is a mathematical rule that shows the relationship between different quantities.
Instead of solving the same problem repeatedly, we write one formula that can be used over and over again.
๐ Formulae Around Us
๐ Taxi Fare
๐ Bread
โฝ Football
๐ฑ Mobile Data
๐ Worked Examples
Example 1
The formula for the perimeter of a square is
Find the perimeter when s = 6 cm.
Thinking...
Example 2
The total cost of apples is
Find C when a = 5
Example 3
Area of a rectangle:
Find A when l = 8 and w = 5
โญ The StudyNest Shortcut
- Read the formula carefully.
- Replace every letter with its value.
- Calculate the answer.
โ Common Mistakes
Practice Questions
- P = 4s Find P when s = 9
- C = 5n Find C when n = 7
- A = l ร w Find A when l = 6 and w = 4
- M = 3x + 2 Find M when x = 8
โ Show Answers
- 36
- 35
- 24
- 26
๐ง Did You Know?
โญ What You Can Do Now
- โ I know what a formula is.
- โ I can substitute values into a formula.
- โ I can use formulae to solve everyday problems.
๐ Well Done!
Formulae may look complicated at first, but they are simply rules that make solving problems quicker and easier.
๐ง Let’s Think Together
Before calculating, identify the information given, the result required and the mathematical relationship that connects them. Predict whether the answer should be larger, smaller or unchanged, then use that prediction to check the result.
๐ Your Progress
Lesson 6 of 22
Exam Focus
Show the mathematical relationship you are using, keep notation consistent and give a clear final answer. Use a quick estimate, diagram or inverse operation to check that the result is reasonable.
Summary
- Understand the meaning of each idea before selecting a method.
- Use definitions, properties and notation consistently.
- Show working and check that the final result is sensible.